Certified Hospice and Palliative Assistant (CHPNA) Practice Test

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What is a hallmark indicator of delirium?

Consistent cognitive abilities
Long-term memory retention
An acute change in level of arousal
Sudden weight gain

The correct answer is: An acute change in level of arousal

Delirium is characterized by a sudden and acute change in cognition or level of arousal, which makes it distinct from other conditions. This sudden change can manifest as confusion, disorientation, and fluctuations in attention and awareness. The hallmark of delirium is its rapid onset, typically occurring over hours to days, which can significantly affect a person's ability to engage with their environment. In contrast, options like consistent cognitive abilities and long-term memory retention do not align with the nature of delirium. Delirium often involves varying levels of cognitive functioning rather than consistent abilities. Sudden weight gain is unrelated to the cognitive changes seen in delirium and is not a recognized indicator of this condition. Therefore, the acute change in level of arousal is the primary characteristic that distinguishes delirium from other cognitive disorders.