Certified Hospice and Palliative Assistant (CHPNA) Practice Test

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What side effect of opioids does not develop tolerance over time?

Nausea
Constipation
Sedation
Itching

The correct answer is: Constipation

Constipation is a side effect of opioids that typically does not develop tolerance over time. When opioids are used, they bind to receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, which slows down gut motility and leads to increased absorption of fluid, resulting in harder stools and constipation. Unlike other side effects like sedation and nausea, which may diminish with continued use as the body adjusts to the medication, constipation generally persists and may require ongoing management, such as the use of laxatives or stool softeners. Understanding the nature of opioid side effects is critical for providing comprehensive care to patients. Nausea can often improve as treatment continues, and sedation effects may also lessen with prolonged use. Itching, or pruritus, can sometimes occur due to histamine release in response to opioids, but it may also vary widely among patients. However, constipation remains a consistent challenge that requires anticipatory strategies to manage effectively, making it unique among these opioid side effects.