Certified Hospice and Palliative Assistant (CHPNA) Practice Test

Which adverse effects are noted in the black box warning for celecoxib?

1. Renal failure and hypertension

2. Cardiovascular events and gastrointestinal bleeds

3. Respiratory depression and addiction

4. Allergic reactions and rash

The correct answer is: Cardiovascular events and gastrointestinal bleeds

The presence of cardiovascular events and gastrointestinal bleeds as noted in the black box warning for celecoxib highlights the serious risks associated with this medication. Celecoxib is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) known for its selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which plays a role in inflammation and pain relief. The black box warning serves as the strictest warning issued by the FDA, signifying that there are significant risks that can lead to severe consequences. In the case of celecoxib, studies have shown that it may increase the likelihood of serious cardiovascular issues, such as heart attack and stroke, particularly in patients who have pre-existing heart conditions or those who use higher doses for long periods. Additionally, gastrointestinal bleeding is a major concern with NSAIDs, including celecoxib, as these medications can inhibit the protective mechanisms of the stomach lining, leading to ulcers and bleeding. The black box warning stresses the importance of monitoring and evaluating the risks before prescribing celecoxib, especially for those who might be at an increased risk. In contrast, other options mention side effects such as renal failure or hypertension, which are not the primary concerns highlighted in the black box warning for celecoxib